STEM is an interdisciplinary educational model that combines science and engineering subjects into one. It is based on an integrated approach: mathematics, biology, chemistry and physics are not taught separately, but together. This teaches children how to look at real problems as a whole, rather than in terms of one chosen area of science.
The STEM curriculum combines theoretical and applied knowledge:
Science teaches children to better understand the world around us.
Technology allows them to apply their scientific knowledge.
Engineering teaches students to solve problems and improve our environment using accessible resources.
Maths develops logical thinking and the ability to follow steps or algorithms.
Sometimes STEM is also referred to as STEAM, with the 'A' standing for 'arts'. This addition shows that even in scientific and technical fields, soft skills such as creativity and creative thinking are really important because they make innovation possible.
STEM education itself was developed in response to the growing need for professionals with strong analytical and technical skills. It prepares students for future careers.
According to a study provided by OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development), countries with a bigger proportion of graduates from STEM fields are more competitive in the global economy. This is because STEM education fosters critical thinking, problem solving and analytical skills that are essential in a knowledge-based economy.
STEM graduates are in high demand both domestically and internationally, which means they have more opportunities for leadership and career advancement.
STEM education isn't just about getting a good job. It also helps students develop important life skills such as critical thinking, problem-solving, creativity and collaboration skills.
From a very young age, children become curious and eager to learn. They begin to see it as a lifelong process and develop a motivation to pursue knowledge for themselves.
They develop analytical thinking, learn to evaluate situations and predict outcomes.
Students show an interest in maths and science, perceiving these subjects as exciting rather than challenging.
They learn to work both individually and in teams, develop social skills and understand the importance of co-operation.
Through constant interaction with modern technology, they stay up to date with the latest developments.
Let’s discuss what the meaning of STEM learning is. First of all, the main goal of the STEM approach is to connect academic disciplines with real-world tasks and to make learning more practical and applicable.
Practical orientation: all learning tasks are applied and the results can be used to solve real-world problems.
Project-based: students are organised into groups and work together to complete a specific task.
Focus on critical thinking: students learn to gather and analyse information independently.
Integrated learning: biology, physics, chemistry and maths are not taught separately, but in conjunction with each other to solve real technological problems.
STEM is generally integrated into the national curriculum through subjects like science, mathematics, and technology.
At this level, the focus is on developing an interest in STEM and a basic understanding of science through:
Interactive classes.
Extracurricular activities.
Students participate in extracurricular activities since many schools offer STEM clubs and organise masterclasses. Children at British International School can attend the STEM clubs: Robotics, 3D modelling, Programming and Science club.
Theme days and educational trips.
Schools like BIS organise science days and educational trips to museums to help their students learn more about different subjects.
In secondary school, the main objectives of STEM education are:
building functional literacy;
identification and development of students' abilities and interests;
development of critical, project and research thinking;
development of communicative abilities, the ability to interact and co-operate, to work in a team, including a team of different ages;
acquisition of active scientific vocabulary, learning how to formulate a hypothesis, description of the experiments and research, forecasting and correct interpretation of the results obtained;
understanding the importance of mathematics and computer science in people’s lives, the ability to apply mathematical methods in real life;
development of engineering thinking, understanding of the principles and fundamentals of machines and mechanisms, and technological processes;
preparation for final examinations and admission to universities and colleges.
After IGCSEs, students enter the A-Level or IB Diploma Programme (Year 12-13), where they can choose STEM subjects for exams which will open the doors to further university study.
STEM education in Russia is developing. This makes it possible to train a new generation of highly qualified specialists, capable of effectively solving scientific and technical problems.